Greene's Creationism Truth Filter  
  » » »  Michigan Creationism Bill  « « «  
Relevant Information for Engaging in the Political
Process to Oppose the Teaching of the Religion of
Creationism as Science in Public Schools
[page created 3/13/01; last updated 4/16/01]

"If you call a tail a leg, how many legs does a dog have?
Five? No, calling a tail a leg does not make it a leg."
— Abraham Lincoln

"We will not go very far if we pretend to teach our kids that we cannot tell the difference between real and phony science. Yet that was the gist of all those 'equal time' laws in the 1970s and 1980s: the Arkansas and Louisana legislatures were actually telling the teachers in their public schools to pretend not to know the difference between real science — flaws and all — and outmoded or simply bad science. I cannot imagine anything more peverse, more deliberately harmful, than teaching kids that their elders cannot tell the difference between the real and phony. Some of them, of course, cannot. But all but the relatively few creation-leaning science teachers throughout the fifty states most assuredly can, and requiring them in essence to lie to their students sends about the worst message imaginable to the younger generation. And kids, of course, can see right through that."
— Niles Eldredge (The Triumph of Evolution
[W. H. Freeman & Co; New York, 2000], p. 152)


Page Contents:
    »  Online News Items
    »  Text of House Bill 4382 & Discussion
    »  Article by Dr. Gregory Forbes
        "Dorothy and Toto Visit Michigan"
    »  Michigan House of Representatives Contact Information
    »  Other Relevant Links
    »  Other Miscellaneous


Online News Items:
[4/14/01]
• Evolution: No debate among scientists
http://www.hollandsentinel.com/stories/041401/opi_0414010017.shtml
[3/19/01]
• Evolution debate flares up in Michigan
http://detnews.com/2001/schools/0103/19/d06-201168.htm
[3/18/01]
• Proposal calls evolution 'unproven'
http://www.hollandsentinel.com/stories/031801/loc_0318010001.shtml
[3/14/01]
• State lawmaker has no place monkeying with school science
http://aa.mlive.com/columns/index.ssf?/news/stories/20010314aedit314.frm
• Legislation challenges evolution
http://detnews.com/2001/schools/0103/14/c07d-199368.htm
[3/13/01]
• Bill would OK teaching several theories on beginning of life
http://www.mlive.com/news/index.ssf?/news/stories/20010312levolution.frm
[3/12/01]
• Lawmaker wants to see schools teach beyond theory of evolution
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/news/statewire/sw29931_20010312.htm

[7/21/00]
• Evolution's next step in Kansas: Ballot box
http://detnews.com/2000/religion/0007/21/07220010.htm
[10/23/99]
• Evolution teachers use state guidelines as a shield
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/news/education/qevol23.htm
[10/22/99]
• Teachers of evolution fight back
http://detnews.com/1999/schools/9910/22/10220165.htm
[10/21/99]
• Teaching evolution put on defensive
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/news/education/qevol21.htm
[9/16/99]
• Move past dogma or our species won't evolve
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/voices/columnists/qesharp16.htm
[8/13/99]
• Devolution: Kansas creationists win battle at students' expense
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/voices/editorials/qekans13.htm
[8/12/99]
• Kansas takes evolution out of schools
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/news/education/qevol12.htm
[8/11/99]
• Kansas might stop teaching evolution
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/news/education/qevol11.htm
[3/27/99]
• Science text authors defend evolution teaching
http://detnews.com/1999/nation/9903/27/03270077.htm
[2/24/99]
• Melvindale becomes creationism hotspot
http://detnews.com/1999/religion/9902/24/02250002.htm
[11/12/97]
• Science, Faith and Creationism
http://detnews.com/EDITPAGE/9711/12/2edit/2edit.htm
[11/11/97]
• Creationism issue debated
http://www.detroitfreepress.com/news/local/qmelv11.htm

On March 13, 2001, I learned that House Bill 4382 was recently introduced (on February 28, 2001) in the state of Michigan by state legislator Bob Gosselin. If you live in Michigan and are interested in helping to oppose this bill (such as "officially" joining a citizens group for quality science education, spending some time and effort doing research and writing up your results, or even driving to Lansing), or if you are a member of a citizens group who is already working to oppose this bill, then please contact me at tgreene@usxchange.net.
[News Item, Date: 3/13/01, Lansing, Michigan]
"Creationist" Philosophy May Invade School Science Classes
Republican state lawmaker Bob Gosselin from Troy, Michigan, insists that we need to add "creationism" to our public schools' science classes. He has a proposed law that would force science teachers to tell your kids that the evolution of mankind is an "unproven theory." He would have your children taught that there are other "beliefs" about the origin of our species. Gosselin's proposed creationist law will be in the state House Education committee in just a few weeks.

You can refer to the whole text of HB 4382, but here is the section of the bill that is relevant to its imposition of creationist sentiments:

      (10) AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SUBSECTION, THE STATE BOARD SHALL REVISE THE RECOMMENDED MODEL CORE ACADEMIC CURRICULUM CONTENT STANDARDS UNDER SUBSECTION (2) AS FOLLOWS:

      (A) IN THE SCIENCE STANDARDS, ALL REFERENCES TO "EVOLUTION" AND "HOW SPECIES CHANGE THROUGH TIME" SHALL BE MODIFIED TO INDICATE THAT THIS IS AN UNPROVEN THEORY BY ADDING THE PHRASE "ALL STUDENTS WILL EXPLAIN THE COMPETING THEORIES OF EVOLUTION AND NATURAL SELECTION BASED ON RANDOM MUTATION AND THE THEORY THAT LIFE IS THE RESULT OF THE PURPOSEFUL, INTELLIGENT DESIGN OF A CREATOR.".

      (B) IN THE SCIENCE STANDARDS FOR MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL, ALL REFERENCES TO "EVOLUTION" AND "NATURAL SELECTION" SHALL BE MODIFIED TO INDICATE THAT THESE ARE UNPROVEN THEORIES BY ADDING THE PHRASE "DESCRIBE HOW LIFE MAY BE THE RESULT OF THE PURPOSEFUL, INTELLIGENT DESIGN OF A CREATOR.".

      (C) IN THE SCIENCE STANDARDS FOR MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL, ALL REFERENCES TO "EVOLUTION" AND "NATURAL SELECTION" SHALL BE MODIFIED TO INDICATE THAT THESE ARE UNPROVEN THEORIES BY ADDING THE PHRASE "EXPLAIN THE COMPETING THEORIES OF EVOLUTION AND NATURAL SELECTION BASED ON RANDOM MUTATION AND THE THEORY THAT LIFE IS THE RESULT OF THE PURPOSEFUL, INTELLIGENT DESIGN OF A CREATOR.".

Yes, I know, I know. While last year, before the election which threw out those who "did the deed," you were shaking your head over what happened in Kansas, you were thinking, "This couldn't happen here in Michigan," weren't you? Well, here's your wake up call!
In connection with the sentiments of HB 4382, you may want to take a look at Kenneth R. Miller's "Dissecting the Disclaimer" (at the National Center for Science Education's website) in which he analyzes a similar bill which was almost adopted in Oklahoma last year.
You can also reference HB 4382 at its Michigan Legislature site, where you can do further investigation of your own.

Subsection 10 Text Is A Proposed Addition To Michigan's Revised School Code 380.1278
Though HB 4382 also proposes some minor editing to the wording of the existing law (such as where subsection 2 shows "AND SHALL COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION (10)" being added to the text), subsection 10 (shown above) is the bulk of the proposal.
I have not yet learned who and what was involved in prompting the appending of the subsection 10 text to 380.1278. I will be asking these questions on my own, but if you find out for sure how subsection 10 came to be written, please contact me and let me know about it, because I want to add that information to this web page. (If you wish to be credited with finding it out, I'll be more than happy to credit you. But if you wish to remain "behind the scenes", I'll certainly respect that as well.)

This is from the MSEEI website at
http://web.grcc.cc.mi.us/mseei/
related_news_and_events.htm
.
That site will have the latest version.
Dorothy and Toto Visit Michigan :
Anti-Evolution Education Bill (HB4382) Introduced in House of Representatives
Dr. Gregory Forbes
Education Director, Michigan Scientific Evolution Education Initiative
Just when you thought that the nation had learned an important lesson from the anti-evolution legislation fiasco in Kansas, Dorothy and Toto have moved to Michigan. An anti-evolution bill (HB 4382) has been forwarded to the Education Committee in the Michigan House of Representatives sponsored by Robert Gosselin (R-Oakland Co.) and nine other co-sponsors, four of which are members of the House Education Committee (see link below). The bill requires that evolution and natural selection be taught as "unproven theories" while also teaching that "life is the result of the purposeful, intelligent design of a creator."
The portions of the bill (see link below) that are of concern to the educational community deal with how evolution will be taught as part of the State Board Model Core Curriculum which in turn affects school accreditation.
The most obvious challenge to credible science education in the bill requires that "...in the science standards, all references to evolution and how species change through time shall be modified to indicate that this is an unproven theory by adding the phrase 'all students will explain the competing theories of evolution and natural selection based on random mutation and the theory that life is the result of the purposeful, intelligent design[1] of a creator'."
The diction and syntax of the bill clearly demonstrates a misunderstanding of what constitutes a scientific theory on behalf of the bill sponsors. As any science teacher knows, there are no scientific "competing theories of evolution" and furthermore, few theories in science are as well substantiated as is evolutionary theory. There is absolutely no debate in the scientific community as to the "fact" that evolution occurred but there is continued discussion and empirical research exploring the specifics of the process of evolution. The fact that evolution has occurred is well recognized. Science continues to provide us with more insight into the process; the theory of evolution.
The attempt of this legislation is two-fold:
1. To move evolution from an empirical science to a belief system.
2. To move faith-based ideologies into the science classroom.
This approach is not academically or intellectually sound nor is it even novel. The U.S. Supreme Court and U.S. District courts have visited this issue on multiple occasions over the last 33 years. In each case, the Court's decisions have found in favor of a comprehensive science education that includes scientific evolution and clearly excludes any faith-based ideologies and agendas whether they are masquerading as "creation science", "balanced treatment", "equal time" or in Michigan's case, "intelligent design". In 1997, the U.S. Supreme Court (Freiler v. Tangipahoa Parish Board of Education) equated "intelligent design" with "creation science" and found both to be violations of the U.S. Constitution.
The decisions in all of these cases (see links below) were based upon a section of the First Amendment that is referred to as the Establishment Clause. The Establishment Clause states that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion...". It would appear that the sponsors of this bill have either no knowledge of legal precedent in this arena or even worse, they have turned a blind eye to extensive and unambiguous legislative and judicial statute and intent. In order to determine if a bill or action is in violation of the First Amendment, the U.S. Supreme Court (Lemon v. Kurtzman, 1971) established what is known in legislative circles as the Three Prong or the Lemon Test. The test is as follows:
1. The legislature must have adopted the law with a secular purpose.
2. The statute's principle effect must be one that neither advances or inhibits religion.
3. The statute must not result in an excessive entanglement of government with religion.
Michigan's proposed legislation fails the Three Prong Test on all three counts as: 1) the law is proposed with a purely non-secular religious purpose ("purposeful, intelligent design of a creator"); 2) the statute clearly advances religion ("intelligent design of a creator"); and 3) excessively entangles government with religion since schools will not receive State accreditation unless they adopt these new policies.
There is at least one member of the House Education Committee that is disappointed at this proposed legislation. Education Committee Vice-Chair John Hansen (D-Dist. 52) expressed his "...disappointment and shock that this legislation is before the committee" and is "truly surprised at its mere presence in the committee." The Chair of the committee and bill co-sponsor (Wayne Kuipers, R-Ottawa Co.) feels that this bill is appropriate and is fundamental for our student's science education.
The bill will most likely come before the Committee in the next three weeks. It is imperative that the Education Committee members, your local Representative and the Governor be informed as to the value of a science education that incorporates a comprehensive presentation of scientific evolution (see contact links below).
Kansas was able to recover from their mistake in which they eliminated evolution science and the age of the Earth from their State achievement tests. They were able to do this by removing the State Board of Education members that had supported the misguided legislation. Kansas has since replaced these members with contemporary intellectuals that realize the value of a science education that includes a comprehensive presentation of evolutionary science. But at what cost did Kansas learn this lesson? Kansas became the fodder of comedians and the media while several Fortune 500 corporations terminated their plans to move their operations to Kansas citing a lack of willingness of their employees to move to a State that does not teach modern science.
Last year Governor Engler announced plans to move Michigan into the forefront of the competitive science and biotechnology arena by establishing a "Science Corridor" that would draw research monies, individuals and businesses to our State. Governor Engler's economic development plan is designed with intelligence. Can we say the same for our Representatives that advocate "intelligent design" in our science classrooms?

Author's Note: To keep up to date with breaking news on this issue and other issues relating to teaching the nature of science and evolution, join the Michigan Scientific Evolution Education Initiative's (MSEEI) list serve "Evolution News" or to discuss this issue on-line, join "Evolution Talk" by visiting the MSEEI web site at http://web.grcc.cc.mi.us/mseei or link from the MSTA web page. MSEEI is an initiative of the MSTA.
1 Intelligent Design - The proposition that the complex structures and organisms that we see in nature are too intricate to have evolved by random genetic variation. Intelligent Design states that such complexity is the result of the "purposeful intelligent design of a creator (God)".
(Author's Note: Intelligent Design does not take into account that genetic variation is indeed random, but that acting upon this randomness is a very non-random event called natural selection. Natural selection "selects" for the appropriate genetic variation for that environment at that time.)

Full text of HB 4382:
http://www.michiganlegislature.org/txt/house.bills.intro/2001-2002/4382hhhh.htm
To contact a Representative or the Governor on-line visit the MSEEI web site at http://web.grcc.cc.mi.us/mseei and select "Contact Your Representatives".
Link to legal decisions:
http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/evolution98/app-a.html
This article by Dr. Gregory Forbes will appear in the April/May issue of the Michigan Science Teachers Association Newsletter (V47 No.2).

Dr. Gregory Forbes
Science Education Center
Grand Rapids Community College
gforbes@grcc.cc.mi.us
(616) 234-3985

Michigan House of Representatives Contact Information
To locate contact information for any Michigan state representative, go to:
  http://www.house.state.mi.us/locate.html  
You can use a query on that page to get contact information for your state representative simply by entering your residence zip code. (But please note that at this beginning stage of the bill — being in committee — you should contact Education Committee members. But if you enter your zip code and see that your representative happens to be one of the sponsor/co-sponsors of the bill, then I urge you, as a constituent of this representative, to write to him/her expressing your ideas about the offending portion of the bill.) At that web page you can also just click on the button which retrieves the entire roster of Michigan state representatives. If you have trouble with the server processing your query (as I've had), you can get Michigan state representative district number information from http://www.sos.state.mi.us/election/elecadmin/district.pdf (note that this is a PDF file).
As of 3/14/01, here are the listed sponsors and co-sponsors of House Bill 4382:
Sponsor
NamePhoneEmailDistrict
Robert Gosselin517-373-0615rgosselin@house.state.mi.us42
Co-Sponsors
NamePhoneEmailDistrict
Valde Garcia517-373-1778vgarcia@house.state.mi.us86
Barb VanderVeen517-373-0838repbarbvanderveen@house.state.mi.us89
Kenneth L. Bradstreet 517-373-0829kbradstreet@house.state.mi.us105
Steve Vear517-373-1794svear@house.state.mi.us58
Jerry O. Kooiman517-373-2668jerrykooiman@house.state.mi.us75
Lauren Hager 517-373-1790lhager@house.state.mi.us81
Joanne Voorhees 517-373-2277jvoorhees@house.state.mi.us77
Wayne Kuipers 517-373-0830wkuipers@house.state.mi.us90
Susan L. Tabor517-373-0853stabor@house.state.mi.us71
      member of the House Education Committee (see below)
HB 4382 has already been referred to the Committee on Education. Here are the committee members:
Michigan House of Representatives
Education Committee
Clerk of Committee: Stefanie Stockwell
Phone: 517.373.0015
E-mail: committee@house.state.mi.us
NamePhoneEmailDistrict
Wayne Kuipers 1 ‡517-373-0830wkuipers@house.state.mi.us90
Tom Meyer 2517-373-0476tommeyer@house.state.mi.us84
John P. Hansen 3517-373-1792jphansen@house.state.mi.us52
Bill McConico517-373-0144repbillmcconico@house.state.mi.us6
Irma Clark517-373-3815iclark@house.state.mi.us11
Paul R. Gieleghem, Jr.517-373-0159pgieleghem@house.state.mi.us31
Ruth A. Johnson517-373-1798rujohnson@house.state.mi.us46
Rose Bogardus517-373-3944rbogard@house.state.mi.us47
Paula Zelenko517-373-3906paulazelenko@house.state.mi.us50
Doug Spade517-373-1706dspade@house.state.mi.us57
Paul N. DeWeese517-373-0587pdeweese@house.state.mi.us67
Doug Hart517-373-0218doughart@house.state.mi.us73
Joanne Voorhees 517-373-2277jvoorhees@house.state.mi.us77
Lauren Hager 517-373-1790lhager@house.state.mi.us81
Gerald Van Woerkom517-373-3436gvanwoerkom@house.state.mi.us91
Jason Allen517-373-1766jasonallen@house.state.mi.us104
Kenneth L. Bradstreet 517-373-0829kbradstreet@house.state.mi.us105
      co-sponsor of HB 4382
      1committee chair
      2committee vice-chair
      3committee minority vice-chair

Relevant Links
  »»» Documents «««  
• Michigan Science Standards Overview
(Michigan Teacher Network site)
http://mtn.merit.edu/mcf/SCI.html
• Michigan Constitution, Article 8 - Education
http://www.libofmich.lib.mi.us/law/articleviii.html
• Versions of the Kansas Science Standards
http://www.sunflower.com/~jkrebs/KS%20Science%20Standards/Standards_versions.html
Includes the current standards, adopted 2/14/01, which replaced the standards that were weakened under creationist sentiment.
  »»» Essays & Articles «««  
• Evolution In Kansas: Disservice To Education, Science & Religion, by Francisco J. Ayala
http://www.kcfs.org/ayala.html
Francisco J. Ayala is a Christian, an evolutionary biologist, and a prolific writer on science and religion issues.
• Jack Krebs' Website - Resources Page
http://www.sunflower.com/~jkrebs/Resources/Fliers.html
Jack Krebs is a board member of the Kansas Citizens for Science (KCS). His Resources Page includes an outline of what "intelligent design" is and why it isn't science, and a KCS response to the Intelligent Design network's proposal to add ID concepts to the Kansas science standards.
• Creationism: Resources & Information
http://www.pfaw.org/issues/education/creationism.shtml
Take a look at "Sabotaging Science: Creationist Strategy in the 1990s" (note: this is a PDF document).
• Nat'l Assoc. of Biology Teachers - Statement on Teaching Evolution
http://www.nabt.org/evolution.html
• NCSE - Dissecting the Disclaimer
http://www.ncseweb.org/resources/articles/
    5193_dissecting_the_disclaimer_2_7_2001.asp
• Washington State Senate Bill 6058: The Evolution Disclaimer
(comments by Pierre Stromberg; includes suggestions for opposing the bill)
http://www.eskimo.com/~pierres/6058.html
• NSTA - The Teaching of Evolution
http://www.ncseweb.org/resources/articles/
    9256_cans_and_cants_of_teaching_ev_2_13_2001.asp
• NCSE - Cans and Cant's of Teaching Evolution
http://www.ncseweb.org/resources/articles/
    9256_cans_and_cants_of_teaching_ev_2_13_2001.asp
• NCSE - Press Room
http://www.ncseweb.org/pressroom.asp?branch=statement
• Good Science, Bad Science: Teaching Evolution in the States
http://www.edexcellence.net/library/lerner/gsbsteits.html
• The Talk.Origins Archive
(a collection of articles and essays about creationism/evolution issues)
http://www.talkorigins.org/
  »»» Organizations «««  
• Michigan Scientific Evolution Education Initiative (MSEEI)
http://web.grcc.cc.mi.us/mseei/
Dr. Gregory Forbes, who is Director of the Science Education Center at Grand Rapids Community College (GRCC) in Grand Rapids, Michigan, is MSEEI's Education Director. Dr. Robert Long, who is Michigan Science Teachers Association President and Assistant Dean of Arts and Sciences at GRCC, is MSEEI's Grant Administrator. Here is their contact information (from the MSEEI site):
Dr. Gregory Forbes
Dir. Science Education Center
(616) 234-3985
gforbes@grcc.cc.mi.us
Dr. Robert Long
Assnt. Dean of Arts and Sciences
(616) 234-4248
rlong@grcc.cc.mi.us
Grand Rapids Community College
143 Bostwick
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Another person associated with MSEEI (on the Advisory Board) whom you might want to contact (and that is interested in this issue) is Dr. Carl Bajema (BajemaCj@gvsu.edu), a biology professor at Grand Valley State University.
• Michigan Science Teachers Association
http://www.msta-mich.org/
• ACLU of Michigan
http://www.aclumich.org/
• National Center for Science Education (NCSE)
http://www.ncseweb.org/
• National Science Teachers Association (NSTA)
http://www.nsta.org/
• Parents for Excellence in District Schools (PEDS)
http://www.execpc.com/~dcoy/PEDS/
• Kansas Citizens for Science
(a citizens group in Kansas)
http://kcfs.org/
• Coalition for Excellence in Science and Math Education
(a citizens group in New Mexico)
http://www.cesame-nm.org/
  »»» Michigan Government «««  
• Michigan Legislature
http://www.michiganlegislature.org/
• Michigan House of Representatives
http://www.house.state.mi.us/
• Michigan Department of Education (MDE)
http://www.mde.state.mi.us/
• MDE - Office of the State Board of Education
http://www.mde.state.mi.us/off/board/
• MDE - State Legislation
http://www.mde.state.mi.us/legis/
• MDE - Office of School Excellence
http://www.mde.state.mi.us/legis/
  »»» Other «««  
• NSTA - Legislative Update
http://www.nsta.org/pressrel/lupdate.asp
• Creationism in Michigan (World of Dawkins site)
http://www.world-of-dawkins.com/education/michigan.htm
• National Heritage Academies - Charter School Lawsuit (ACLU Press Release)
http://my.voyager.net/freethought/nha/victory.htm
• National Heritage Academies - Charter School Lawsuit (Main Page)
http://my.voyager.net/freethought/nha/
• freedomforum.org - Parents ask court to stop charter school from teaching creationism
http://www.freedomforum.org/templates/document.asp?documentID=11991

I will be actively modifying this web page over the next few weeks, as I learn more about the specifics of the bill, and as I learn more about other individuals and organizations who are interested in assisting with efforts to oppose any passage of a piece of legislation such as this.
If you have any links to news items, corrections, suggestions, or ideas for this web page, relevant to HB 4382, please contact me at <tgreene@usxchange.net> and let me know.

On 3/13/01, I posted a "Legislative Alert" about the introduction of HB 4382 in a discussion forum that I participate in, and a theistic evolutionist sent me a private email in which he sincerely asked me, "What is so wrong about including a statement that the theory of evolution is not proven? Yes there is good evidence in favour of it, but why do you guys make such a big issue of not allowing part of the population to include such a minor statement which takes their world view into account? Is the U.S. a democratic country?"
I replied to him as follows:
Thank you for your note. I appreciate your position as a theistic evolutionist. (Check out my website.)
I sincerely have absolutely no problems with teaching religious beliefs about creation in the public schools in, say, a history, or social studies, or religions survey class. I have no problems with religiously-affiliated private schools teaching (erroneously) in their science classes that young earth creationism is scientific, as many do.
The problem here is that some people who are motivated by their religious beliefs are working to have their religious beliefs taught in science classes in public schools under the rubric of "science" when, in fact, the beliefs are religious and not scientific.
Additionally, I do have very serious concerns about people who believe that the universe, the earth, and human beings have not been in existence for more than about 6,000 years -- all ideas that have been manifestly falsified by empirical observation -- trying to have such false beliefs taught in science classes. These are religious beliefs. If people wish to adhere to such beliefs regardless of their empirical falsification they have every right to do so. They do not, however, have the right to misrepresent their beliefs as being the same as or on a par with scientific examination of the real world itself.
Moreover, as someone who understands the distinction between religious beliefs and scientific examination, and who understands the falsified nature of young earth creationism with respect to objective features of the real world that we have learned about, I too have every right to act politically, as young earth creationists are doing, to oppose their efforts to legislatively "water down" science education in science areas that they happen to dislike. And I am doing so.
Finally, there are three senses of "the theory of evolution," and two of them are quite proven. The first is the historical sense, in the general fact of the change in organic forms through time as seen (spottily) through the fossil record. This is considered factual (by everyone, even all other creationists, except YECs). The second is the biological change sense, which YECs typically refer to as "micro-evolution" (in order to portray a distinction with what they call "macro-evolution"). This is considered factual, even by YECs. The third sense is that there is nothing other than the second sense needed to explain the first sense. Just as one example, a gap in the fossil record is genuinely a gap in the fossil record, and thus a gap in information, and not evidence of a "supernatural intervention." (Of course, YECs also use evolution in a fourth sense to very generally refer to anything and everything non-YEC, whether in astronomy, geology, physics, or any other pieces of science that they do not like. But I won't get into that here.) Will this creationism bill acknowledge such factual items, such that the universe is objectively observed to have been around for at least several billion years, and that the antiquity of the earth (and fossils) is objectively observed by such evidences as the Manicouagan Crater which obviously cannot be a merely 6,000 year old geological feature, and that such transitional forms as Homo erectus (or Homo ergaster) have been around for almost 2 million years? I don't think so. The attempt of the bill, like other creationism legislation, is simply to obfuscate these matters.
When creationists choose to enter their ideas into a political arena and try to masquerade them as something other than what they are, then they certainly deserve the critical scrutiny that they will get.
Sincerely, and regards,
Todd S. Greene

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